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Spór o metodę 2.0: Bitwa o duszę ekonomii między ekonomistami neoklasycznymi i heterodoksyjnymi
 
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Ukryj
1
Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Poland
 
 
Data nadesłania: 06-06-2025
 
 
Data ostatniej rewizji: 24-11-2025
 
 
Data akceptacji: 27-11-2025
 
 
Data publikacji: 30-09-2026
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
Aleksander Ostapiuk   

Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Poland
 
 
GNPJE 2026;327(3):84-110
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
KODY KLASYFIKACJI JEL
STRESZCZENIE
Obecna dyskusja pomiędzy ekonomistami heterodoksyjnymi a ekonomistami neoklasycznymi ma w dużej mierze niekonstruktywny charakter. Celem artykułu jest uczynienie jej bardziej twórczą poprzez analizę historycznych sporów metodologicznych. Współczesna dyskusja stanowi kontynuację Methodenstreit pomiędzy Schmollerem a Mengerem, którzy przedstawili dwie konkurencyjne wizje ekonomii. Zasadnicze pytania pozostają niezmienne: Czy ekonomia powinna rozwijać się na wzór nauk przyrodniczych, czy raczej nauk humanistycznych? Czy powinna opierać się na dedukcyjnym, wolnym od wartości podejściu, zakorzenionym w indywidualizmie metodologicznym i modelu homo economicus, czy też na otwartym systemie uwzględniającym rolę wartości, holizm metodologiczny oraz koncepcję homo sapiens? Traktuję Methodenstreit jako punkt wyjścia do analizy kolejnych sporów metodologicznych w ekonomii, aby wykazać trwałość podstawowych osi konfliktu między ekonomią heterodoksyjną a neoklasyczną. Pokazuję, że spór ten koncentruje się wokół czterech fundamentalnych założeń metodologicznych, które definiują obie tradycje badawcze. Następnie wyjaśniam, w jaki sposób ekonomia neoklasyczna uzyskała dominującą pozycję w sporze o metodę. W zakończeniu przedstawiam normatywną koncepcję „sporu o metodę 2.0”, która ma służyć jako propozycja bardziej produktywnego dialogu między ekonomią heterodoksyjną a ekonomią neoklasyczną.
FINANSOWANIE
Niniejsza praca została sfinansowana z grantu wewnętrznego Wydziału Ekonomii i Finansów Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu. Numer grantu: MPK: B701210.
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