PRACA ORYGINALNA
Przeciwdziałanie korupcji za pomocą nowoczesnych technologii – analiza skuteczności rozwiązań e-government
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Polska
Data nadesłania: 20-09-2020
Data ostatniej rewizji: 27-01-2021
Data akceptacji: 16-06-2021
Data publikacji: 30-09-2021
GNPJE 2021;307(3):97-124
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
KODY KLASYFIKACJI JEL
STRESZCZENIE
Artykuł podejmuje problematykę korupcji i metod jej przeciwdziałania. Celem jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy zastosowanie w administracji publicznej technologii informacyjnych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem Internetu, przyczynia się do ograniczenia postrzegania korupcji w danym kraju. Na podstawie literatury zidentyfikowano determinanty korupcji w aspektach: politycznym, gospodarczym i kulturowym. W celu weryfikacji postawionej hipotezy, dotyczącej wpływu rozwoju usług internetowych świadczonych przez państwo na poziom postrzeganej korupcji, przeprowadzono badanie empiryczne z wykorzystaniem danych panelowych dla 129 krajów za lata 2008–2019. Jest to najdłuższy okres, dla którego możliwe jest wykorzystanie aktualnych danych. Uzyskane wyniki potwierdzają skuteczność e‑government jako narzędzia przeciwdziałania korupcji. W artykule zwrócono również uwagę na ograniczenia związane z rozwojem usług elektronicznych w administracji, które wynikają w głównej mierze z barier edukacyjnych i infrastrukturalnych, ale także z dopiero rozwijającego się popytu na takie usługi.
REFERENCJE (56)
1.
Ades A., Di Tella R. [1999], Rents, Competition, and Corruption, The American Economic Review, 89 (4): 982–993.
2.
Andersen T. B. [2009], E-Government as an anti-corruption strategy, Information Economics and Policy, 21 (3): 201–210.
3.
Andersen T. B., Rand J. [2006]. Does E-Government Reduce Corruption?, Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen’s Working Paper: 1–8.
4.
Ashayea O. R., Irani Z. [2019], The role of stakeholders in the effective use of e-government resources in public services, International Journal of Information Management, 49: 253–270.
5.
Basyal D. K., Poudyal N., Seo J. W. [2018], Does E-government reduce corruption? Evidence from a heterogeneous panel data model, Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 12 (2): 134–154.
6.
Ben Ali M. S., Gasmi A. [2017], Does ICT diffusion matter for corruption? An Economic Development Perspective, Telematics and Informatics, 34 (8): 1445–1453.
7.
Bertot J., Jaeger P. T., Grimmes J. M. [2010], Using ICTs to create a culture of transparency: E-government and social media as openness and anti-corruption tools for societies, Government Information Quarterly, 27 (3): 264–271.
8.
DiPietro W. R. [2002/2003], National Corruption and the Size of the Public Sector, Briefing Notes in Economics, 55: 1–9.
9.
Elbahnasawy N. G. [2014], E-Government, Internet Adoption, and Corruption: An Empirical Investigation, World Development, 57: 114–126.
10.
Goczek Ł. [2007], Przyczyny korupcji i skuteczność strategii antykorupcyjnych, Gospodarka Narodowa, 215 (4): 33–48.
11.
Goel R. K., Nelson M. A. [1998], Corruption and Government Size: A Disaggregated Analysis, Public Choice, 97: 107–120.
12.
Goel R. K., Nelson M. A. [2008], Causes of corruption: History, geography and government, Institute for Economies in Transition, Bank of Finland, Discussion Paper, 6: 1–31.
13.
Goel R., Nelson M., Naretta M. [2012], The internet as an indicator of corruption awareness, European Journal of Political Economy, 28: 64–75.
14.
Gupta S., Davoodi H., Alonso-Terme R. [2002], Does Corruption Affect Income Inequality and Poverty?, Economics of Governance, 3 (1): 23–45.
15.
Guriev S., Melnikov N., Zhuravskaya E. [2019], 3G internet and confidence in government, EBRD, Working Paper, 233: 1–46.
16.
Habib M., Zurawicki L. [2002], Corruption and Foreign Direct Investment, Journal of International Business Studies, 33 (2): 291–307.
17.
Haldenwang C. [2004], Electronic Government (E-Government) and Development, The European Journal of Development Research, 16 (2): 417–432.
18.
Heeks R. [1998], Information technology and public sector corruption, Institute for Development Policy and Management, University of Manchester, Working Paper, 4. 1–13.
19.
Ingrams A., Manoharan A., Schmidthuber L., Holzer M. [2020], Stages and Determinants of E Government Development: A Twelve-Year Longitudinal Study of Global Cities, International Public Management Journal, 23 (6): 731–769.
20.
ITU [2018], Measuring the Information Society, ITU Publications, 1.
21.
Jain A. K. [2001], Corruption A Review, Journal of Economic Surveys, 15 (1): 71–21.
22.
Jiméneza J. L., Albalateb D. [2018], Transparency and local government corruption: What does lack of transparency hide?, European Journal of Government and Economics, 7 (2): 106–122.
23.
Kaufmann D., Kraay A., Mastruzzi M. [2010], The Worldwide Governance Indicators: A Summary of Methodology, Data and Analytical Issues, World Bank Policy Research, Working Paper, 5430: 1–29.
24.
Khan M. H. [2006], Governance and Anti-Corruption Reforms in Developing Countries: Policies, Evidence and Ways Forward, G-24, Discussion Paper, 42: 1–23.
25.
Klitgaard R., [2017], Corruption Across Countries and Cultures, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, Research Paper, 17–23.
26.
Krishnan S., Teo T. S. H., Lim V. K. G. [2013], Examining the relationships among e-government maturity, corruption, economic prosperity and environmental degradation: A cross-country analysis, Information & Management, 50 (8): 638–649.
27.
La Porta R., Lopez-de-Silanes F., Shleifer A., Vishny R. W. [1999], The quality of government, Journal of Law, Economics and Organization, 15 (1): 222–279.
28.
Lambsdorff J. G. [2006], Measuring Corruption – The validity and precision of subjective indicators, Measuring Corruption, C. Sampford et al. (eds.), Ashgate Publishing, Aldershot: 81–100.
29.
Lio M., Liu M., Ou Y. [2011], Can the internet reduce corruption? A cross-country study based on dynamic panel data models, Government Information Quarterly, 28: 47–53.
30.
Luterek M. [2010], e-government Systemy informacji publicznej, Wydawnictwa Akademickie i Profesjonalne, Warszawa.
31.
Lupu, D., Lazar, C. G., 2015. Influence of e-government on the Level of Corruption in some EU and Non-EU States, Procedia Economics and Finance 20: 365–371.
32.
Lyrio M. V. L., Lunkes R. J., Taliani E. T. C. [2018], Thirty Years of Studies on Transparency, Accountability, and Corruption in the Public Sector, The State of the Art and Opportunities for Future Research, Public Integrity.
33.
Ma L., Zheng Y. [2018], Does e-government performance actually boost citizen use? Evidence from European countries, Public Management Review, 20 (10): 1513–1532.
34.
Máchová R., Volejníková J., Lněnička M. [2018], Impact of E-government Development on the Level of Corruption: Measuring the Effects of Related Indices in Time and Dimensions, Review of Economic Perspectives, 18: 99–121.
35.
Mauro P. [1995], Corruption and growth, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110 (3): 681–712.
36.
Mistry J. J., Jalal A. [2012], An empirical analysis of the relationship between e-government and corruption, The International Journal of Digital Accounting Research, 12 (18): 145–176.
37.
Mocan N. [2008], What determines corruption? Economic evidence from microdata, Economic Inquiry, 46 (4): 493–510.
38.
Mouna A., Nedra B., Khaireddine M. [2020], International comparative evidence of e-government success and economic growth: technology adoption as an anti-corruption tool, Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, przed drukiem.
39.
Nam T. [2018], Examining the anti-corruption effect of e-government and the moderating effect of national culture: A cross-country study, Government Information Quarterly, 35 (2): 273–282.
40.
Ojha A., Palvia S., Gupta M. P. [2008], A Model for Impact of E-Government on Corruption: Exploring Theoretical Foundations, www.researchgate.net (dostęp: 18.09.2020).
41.
Olken B. A. [2009], Corruption perceptions vs. corruption reality, Journal of Public Economics, 93 (7–8): 950–964.
42.
Park C. H., Kim K. [2019], E-government as an anti-corruption tool: panel data analysis across countries, International Review of Administrative Sciences.
43.
Pope J. [2000], Rzetelność życia publicznego, podręcznik procedur antykorupcyjnych, Transparency International Polska, Warszawa.
44.
Rose-Ackerman S. [1999], Corruption and Government: Causes, Consequences, and Reform, Cambridge University Press, New York.
45.
Schumacher I. [2013], Political stability, corruption and trust in politicians, Economic Modelling, 31: 359–369.
46.
Starke C., Naab T., Scherer H. [2016], Free to Expose Corruption: The Impact of Media Freedom, Internet Access, and Governmental Online Service Delivery on Corruption, International Journal of Communication, 10: 4702–4722.
47.
Steinbock D. [2018], What Transparency International’s corruption index doesn’t see, www.scmp.com (dostęp: 26.05.2019).
48.
Treisman D. [2000], The causes of corruption: a cross-national study, Journal of Public Economics, 76: 399–457.
49.
Vinod H. D. [1999], Statistical analysis of corruption data and using the Internet to reduce corruption, Journal of Asian Economics, 10: 591–603.
50.
Wang L., Luo X., Jurkat M. P. [2020], Understanding Inconsistent Corruption Control through E-government Participation: Updated Evidence from a Cross-Country Investigation, Electron Commer Res.
51.
www.statista.pl, Share of adults in the United States who use the internet in 2018, by age group (dostęp: 18.09.2020).
52.
www.transparency.org (dostęp: 18.09.2020).
53.
www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2018 (dostęp: 18.09.2020).
54.
www.transparency.org, Trouble at the top why high scoring countries aren’t corruption free (dostęp: 18.09.2020).
55.
www.un.org (dostęp: 17.09.2020).
56.
Zhang, J., Zhang, Z. [2009]. Applying E-government information system for anti-corruption strategy, Proceedings of the 2009 International conference on management of e-Commerce and e-Government: 112–115.