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PRACA ORYGINALNA
Sprawność innowacyjna zagranicznych spółek zależnych w gospodarce po transformacji systemowej: wyniki dla Polski
1
Collegium of World Economy, SGH Warsaw School of Economics, Poland
Data nadesłania: 22-10-2021
Data ostatniej rewizji: 09-02-2022
Data akceptacji: 01-07-2022
Data publikacji: 30-09-2022
Autor do korespondencji
GNPJE 2022;311(3):46-66
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
KODY KLASYFIKACJI JEL
STRESZCZENIE
Środowisko kraju goszczącego jest ważnym źródłem wiedzy dla przedsiębiorstw
międzynarodowych. Zasoby i kompetencje filii zagranicznych (FZ) przedsiębiorstw
międzynarodowych, a także ich relacje wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne są postrzegane
jako krytyczne dla ich wyników ekonomicznych. Niniejsze opracowanie ma na celu
wypełnienie luki poznawczej dotyczącej czynników wpływających na sprawność innowacyjną FZ utworzonych w Polsce. Sprawność innowacyjną FZ tłumaczy się
ich przewagami opartymi na własnych zasobach: zakorzenieniem w wewnętrznej
sieci korporacyjnej, zakorzenieniem zewnętrznym (w relacjach z niezależnymi partnerami)
oraz poprzez interakcje między siłą systemową i autonomią FZ. Analiza
opiera się na wynikach badania przeprowadzonego w 2018 r. w 436 FZ zlokalizowanych
w Polsce. Zastosowano model OLS (metoda najmniejszych kwadratów)
oraz trzy równania regresji kwantylowej, dostarczające bardziej szczegółowych
wyników. Zaobserwowano: pozytywny wpływ zasobów własnych filii na ich sprawność
innowacyjną, zwłaszcza w połączeniu z ich silnym wewnętrznym zakorzenieniem;
pozytywny wpływ wewnętrznego zakorzenienia na innowacyjność, silniejszy
wśród FZ w branżach wysokiej/średniowysokiej techniki, w połączeniu z przewagami
opartymi na zasobach; pozytywny wpływ zewnętrznego zakorzenienia FZ
na sprawność innowacyjną. Poza tym udowodniono: pozytywny wpływ siły systemowej
na sprawność innowacyjną, ale tylko w przypadku FZ z branż wysokiej/
średniowysokiej techniki. Nie zaobserwowano znaczącego wpływu autonomii FZ
na ich wyniki innowacyjne.
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