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Specjalizacja handlowa w produktach związanych z automatyzacją – analiza międzynarodowa i przypadek Polski
Aleksandra Parteka 1
 
 
 
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Faculty of Management and Economics, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland
 
 
Data nadesłania: 19-11-2024
 
 
Data ostatniej rewizji: 27-03-2025
 
 
Data akceptacji: 01-04-2025
 
 
Data publikacji: 30-09-2025
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
Aleksandra Parteka   

Faculty of Management and Economics, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland
 
 
GNPJE 2025;(GNPJE Special Issue on Economic Impacts of Generative AI 3):47-67
 
Artykuł (PDF)
Referencje (81)
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
eksport
konwergencja
automatyzacja
przewaga komparatywna
 
KODY KLASYFIKACJI JEL
STRESZCZENIE
W artykule wykorzystano dane dotyczące 160 gospodarek (obserwowanych od połowy lat 90. XX w.) do opisu trendów w handlu produktami związanymi z automatyzacją. W analizie użyto danych handlowych na poziomie 6‑cyfrowej dezegregacji HS połączonych z taksonomiami produktów technologicznych, które pozwalają na identyfikację linii eksportowych związanych z automatyzacją oraz pomiar ich znaczenia w krajowych strukturach handlu. Pomimo wzrostu wartości globalnego handlu produktami związanymi z automatyzacją mają one niewielki udział w oficjalnie zarejestrowanym eksporcie (od nieistotnego w gospodarkach o niskich dochodach do 2,5% całkowitego eksportu krajów o wysokich dochodach). W latach 1995–2019 Polska odnotowała wzrost eksportu związanego z automatyzacją zarówno pod względem jego wartości, jak i udziału w eksporcie całkowitym (2,5% w 2019 r.). Specjalizacja eksportowa w produktach związanych z automatyzacją, mierzona wskaźnikiem ujawnionej przewagi komparatywnej, jest dodatnio skorelowana z poziomem dochodu na pracownika, ale nie odegrała statystycznie znaczącej roli w globalnym procesie konwergencji ekonomicznej. Handel szeroko rozumianymi produktami technologicznymi należy natomiast do czynników warunkujących ogólnoświatową konwergencję. W artykule opisano także ograniczenia związane z użyciem danych handlowych do pomiaru międzynarodowych trendów w rozwoju technologii cyfrowych.
PODZIĘKOWANIA
Zuzanna Helena Zarach udzielała doskonałej pomocy badawczej.
FINANSOWANIE
Publikacja została sfinansowana przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki, Polska, grant OPUS nr 2020/37/B/HS4/01302.
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