PRACA POGLĄDOWA
Ekonomia narracji – początki nowego nurtu
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Szkoła Doktorska Nauk Społecznych, Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Polska
Data nadesłania: 27-07-2022
Data ostatniej rewizji: 05-12-2022
Data akceptacji: 04-01-2023
Data publikacji: 31-03-2023
Autor do korespondencji
Łukasz Baszczak
Szkoła Doktorska Nauk Społecznych, Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Polska
GNPJE 2023;313(1):66-81
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
KODY KLASYFIKACJI JEL
STRESZCZENIE
Artykuł prezentuje obszerny i krytyczny przegląd badań ekonomicznych, które
można zakwalifikować do kształtującego się nurtu ekonomii narracji. Jego głównym
celem jest odkrywanie ekonomicznego znaczenia narracji, które są rozumiane
generalnie jako opowieści rozpowszechnione w społeczeństwie. W pracy zaprezentowano
trzy główne podgrupy badań nad narracjami w ekonomii. Pierwszą stanowią
badania ekonomiczne nad zróżnicowaniem kulturowym społeczeństw, które
może wynikać z różnic między narracjami w poszczególnych kulturach. Druga
grupa to analizy i prognozy fluktuacji zmiennych makroekonomicznych dokonywane
przy wykorzystaniu metody automatycznej analizy różnych charakterystyk
(np. poruszanych tematów czy prezentowanych odczuć) dużych korpusów tekstów,
często prasowych. Trzecią kategorię tworzą badania oparte na eksperymentach,
które ukazują rolę narracji w kształtowaniu preferencji, zachowania, sposobu
myślenia i podejmowaniu decyzji przez jednostkę (w szczególności poprzez czynienie
sensownymi surowych danych ze świata zewnętrznego). Pogłębiony przegląd
literatury pozwolił na wyciągnięcie wniosków: narracje mają duży potencjał, jeśli
chodzi o dziedzinę ekonomii, ale w ramach tego nurtu pojawiają się też problemy,
takie jak rozmycie definicji narracji, niejasność kanału przyczynowego oddziaływania
narracji i imperializm ekonomii. Wynikają one m.in. ze zbyt powierzchownego
i czysto ilościowego traktowania przez ekonomistów tekstów jako nośników
narracji i z niedostatku badań skupiających się na szczegółowej analizie funkcjonowania
konkretnych narracji. W tym przypadku ważne może być przeniesienie
idei z innych dyscyplin, takich jak interdyscyplinarny nurt analizy dyskursu.
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