This paper aims to analyse changes in the oil market during the “third oil price shock” in 2007 and 2008. It is particularly important to investigate the influence of disruptions in oil production (in both OPEC and non-OPEC countries) on crude oil prices and consumption. The authors conduct an empirical investigation of this problem, estimating a vector error correction model and an impulse-response function. Based on the empirical data, we noticed that from 2004 to 2008 the growth in oil demand was not compensated by an appropriate increase in oil production. The results of impulse-response functions show that, with the improvement in global demand, we should rather expect OPEC production to increase. Moreover, this kind of reaction in OPEC is delayed by about four months, which can be explained by the restrictions on OPEC’s spare capacity. This limits the room for a short-term increase in OPEC production. Unexpected demand shocks or price innovations increase the level of both OPEC and non-OPEC production, but the response of OPEC is more significant. These findings may be considered as a point of departure for future analyses of OPEC production adjustments.