The article analyzes the entrepreneurial attitudes and behaviors of students in selected European countries. The results of an international study of entrepreneurship among full-time students (SES 2006) are presented, along with a theoretical discussion of entrepreneurship in the context of economic theory. A comparative analysis method is used. The entrepreneurial activities of students and their plans to start their own business in the future are analyzed. Kunasz also looks at barriers to putting these plans into practice and evaluates students’ readiness to start their own business. He tries to determine why students opt for a particular type of business activity. The results obtained in the study indicate that, compared with their counterparts in other European countries, Polish students assess their entrepreneurial potential as high and tend to gain their first professional experiences while still in college. Most of them want to work for a private company in the future; however, the prospect of working in a state institution or running one’s own business is also described as attractive. The main criteria in this area include self-fulfillment and job satisfaction, pay, and opportunities for professional growth. Potential barriers include lack of familiarity with procedures for starting one’s own company and difficulties in obtaining funds to start up a business. Still, Polish students are optimistic in evaluating their professional prospects and expect that their careers will quickly gain momentum once their prospective businesses get off the ground.